三位一體與唯獨聖經／蘇遠泰
撮要
本文嘗試探討華人教會一個奇怪的現象，就是把三位一體的教義邊緣化。華人教會普遍側重實效而忽略哲學和神學的討論，包括三一論和基督論。原因固然是多方面的，而筆者發現華人教會大多抱持激進改革派的「唯獨聖經」觀念，強調聖經的最高權威，卻否定傳統和信經的價值，這也是構成這現象的原因之一。華人教會把「唯獨聖經」變成「惟讀聖經」，其實是對權威改教者的誤會。由於聖經內並沒有「與父同質」、「位格」、「三位一體」等詞彙，歷史上對三位一體的討論，尤其是所謂的「內在三一」，便被視為非源於聖經，亦非有堅實的聖經基礎而遭到否定。因此，三一教義便變成「被遺忘的三一」了。筆者要指出，教父神學接受三位一體及基督兩性論，因此，改教者也視這些神學觀念來自聖經；而加爾文更直接指出激進改革派的錯誤，因教父神學是基於真正的「唯獨聖經」而產生的。由此可知，傳統就是聖經的權威詮釋。
ABSTRACT
This paper attempts to discuss an abnormal phenomenon among Chinese church: the marginalization of the doctrine of Trinity. Chinese church is usually viewed as pragmatic that she would pay little attention to philosophical or theological issues, including Trinity and Christology. The reasons for that are manifold. The author points out that the radical reformers’ interpretation Sola Scriptura plays an important role. The Chinese church underlines the supreme authority of the Bible by rejecting tradition and creeds, and by interpreting “Scripture Alone” as “Reading Scripture Alone,” and has actually misunderstood what the magisterial reformers proposed. Since the Bible doesn’t mention terms like homoousia, hypostasis, trinitas…etc, the historical discussion on Trinity, especially those called Immanent Trinity, was then judged as unbiblical and was rejected as resting on inadequate scriptural foundations. As a result, the doctrine of Trinity becomes the “forgotten Trinity.” The author concludes that as the patristic theology included doctrines like Trinity and the two natures of Christ, the reformers have accepted these as authentically scriptural. And from Calvin’s point of view, radical reformers are wrong, as from early church Fathers’ theology a tradition was developed, which based upon Scripture alone. Therefore, tradition can be regarded as an authoritative interpretation of the Bible.
原載於《建道學刊》25期（2006年1月），頁117-139。
